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The first use of the verb עשה ( Ah.S.H, Strong's #6213) is in the first chapter of Genesis.Īnd God made the firmament… (KJV, Genesis 1:7)
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Both עבודה and עבד are found in the following passage.Īnd their lives were very bitter with the hard service ( עבודה), with mortar and with bricks and with all the service ( עבודה) in the field, all their service ( עבודה) which they served ( עבד) in them with the whip, (Revised Mechanical Translation, Exodus 1:14) The word עבודה is a feminine noun derived from עבד ( Ah.B.D, Strong's #5647) and means "service," the work of a slave, servant or steward. The word עבודה ( avodah, Strong's #5656) is used about 141 times in the Hebrew bible and is translated in the King James Version of the Bible with the following English words service (96), servile (12), work (10), bondage (8), act (2), serve (2), servitude (2), tillage (2), effect (1), labour (1) and several other ways when in combination with other Hebrew words. The word עבד is a verb meaning "to serve." This may be the service from one person (a slave, servant or steward) to another (the master), but it may also be a service to the land, which is the first use of the word in the Hebrew Bible.Īnd all the shrubs of the field before existing in the land, and all the herbs of the field before springing up, given that Yhwh the Elohiym did not make it precipitate upon the land and it was without a human to serve the ground, (Revised Mechanical Translation, Genesis 2:5) The verb עבד ( Ah.B.D, Strong's #5647) is used about 290 times in the Hebrew bible and is translated in the King James Version of the Bible with the following English words serve (227), do (15), till (10), servant (5), work (5), worshipper (5), service (4), dress (2), labour (2), ear (2), bondage (1), bondmen (1), bondservice (1), wrought (1) and several other ways when in combination with other Hebrew words. In the following issues we will discuss the other Hebrew words translated as "work." מלאכה then is the "occupation" of the מלאך and by extension it can be the occupation or business of anyone, even God, as can be seen in the following passage.Īnd Elohiym finished in the seventh day his business which he did, and he ceased in the seventh day from all his business which he did (Revised Mechanical Translation, Genesis 2:2)
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The word מלאכה is a feminine noun that is derived from the masculine noun מלאך ( m'lakh, Strong's #4397), which means "messenger" or "ambassador," one who represents another. This Hebrew word is used about 160 times in the Hebrew bible and is translated in the King James Version of the Bible with the following English words work (141), business (12), goods (2), cattle (1), stuff (1), thing (1), labour (1) and occupation (1). The King James Version of the Bible translates twelve different Hebrew words (listed below) with the word "work," but each one of these Hebrew words have a specific meaning that means more than just "work."